Legal

Legal

Legal Studies- Topic one Human Rights:
The Nature and development of human rights:
The Definition of human rights:
  * Human Rights are fundamental entitlements to which individuals are due by virtue of their humanity
  * They belong to an individual automatically and without distinction as a result of them being human
  * They are inherent, universal inalienable, indivisible and interdependent

Inherent-
  * People have human rights because they are human beings
  * All humans are born with human rights
Universal-
  * Apply to all people regardless of status, race, gender or age
Inalienable-
  * They cannot be taken away, given up, exchanged or sold
Indivisible-
  * No one right is better than another
  * Peoples’ enjoyment of a right is affected by their enjoyment of all others that is they are interdependent; hand in hand.

Developing recognition of human rights:
The abolition of slavery-
Historical position:
  * Slaves were used extensively in the ancient Egyptian, Greek and Roman Worlds
  * Slave trade existed in the Americas in the 16th centenary
  * They could be bought and sold, were physically, emotionally and sexually abused

Current position:
  * Against the leadings of the church
  * Inhumane

Relevant legal documents in this area:
  * British Government passed Emancipation Act 1833 (start of human rights), abolishing slavery in British Colonies
  * Criminal Code 1995 (Commonwealth)- Slavery and sexual provisions

Trade unionism-

Historical position:
  * Industrial revolution which began in 18th centenary Britain
  * 1820s it was recognised that workers’ organisations should be given status , to encourage workers to bargain collectively to improve wages and conditions

Current position:
  * Recognised more universal rather than just Britain
  * Started in Zimbabwe in 2008 and have started in China

Relevant legal documents in this area:
  * Unlawful Oaths Act 1797 which was...