Submitted by brittneytoivonen on 02/02/2011 06:05 PM Flag This Paper
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Rule Utilitarianism collapses into Act Utilitarianism
Whether it is the consequences of the action that is being considered before doing it, or the amount of good that will follow it, these both result in a utilitarian’s point of view, a consequentialist theory. People’s decisions are to be judged morally right or wrong depending on the integrity of the consequences. When trying to reach a judgement, both Rule Utilitarians and Act Utilitarians should reach exactly the same understanding concerning all possible issues. This is because Rule Utilitarianism and Act Utilitarianism are actually very similar.
When defining classical, or act utilitarianism, it is the point of view in which the most happiness is the result for the greatest number of humans. However, the following consequences are first considered. After the consequences that follow the act are considered, the option to do, or not to do, will be determined by the choice that the most happiness is generated.
Rule utilitarianism is the point of view in which the consequences are not analyzed and has many sub-theories. Whichever act leads to the greatest good is what will be chosen. Another relation to rule utilitarianism is the most utility in following a rule in general, suggesting to always following certain rules will result better overall then to allow exceptions, for example, always stopping at a red light. This utilitarian point of view not only cares about happiness, but the rules that follow. Rachel’s used an example of a rubber duck, “Just as a rubber duck is not a kind of duck.†(Rachels & Rachels, 2010. pp. 119-20) This example explains a theory of Rule-utilitarianism that suggests one, even if increasing happiness should not break the rules. The rules that follow are taken into consideration, and “The theory is a mix of utilitarianism and something else entirely.
The only thing that is important is the amount of happiness or unhappiness that can be generated, other than that;...